Research Article | | Peer-Reviewed

Tracheostomy in Critically Ill Patients Due to COVID-19 Before the Vaccine, Cases and Controls

Received: 10 September 2023     Accepted: 4 October 2023     Published: 28 October 2023
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Abstract

Objective: This study aims to identify factors associated with death in seriously ill patients with SARS CoV-2 pneumonia who required a tracheostomy and the time in which the procedure was performed. Patients and methods: The study was observational, analytical, prospective, cross-sectional, and case-control in nature. The decision to perform a tracheostomy was based on the clinical conditions and the approval of the Institutional COVID Committee. To compare means of continuous numerical variables, paired and unpaired Student's t test was used depending on the variables analyzed; to establish correlation between continuous numerical variables, the Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated; to analyze the probability of death with respect to the variables studied, the odds ratio was calculated with a 95% compatibility interval. Results: a total of 47 severely ill patients with COVID-19, who were admitted to the Intensive Care Unit, and required a tracheostomy, 17 women and 30 men, underwent an open tracheostomy. The population was predominantly male, and blood type A+ was more common. Most of them had at least one of the following comorbidities: Diabetes, hypertension, obesity or smoke. Only 10 patients survived until the end of following. All tracheostomies were performed in the first days of the illness, even in the first seven days, except for one patient. All tracheostomies were performed openly, almost all within a conventional operating room and performed by General Surgeons; We have not had any early or late complications, although the risk of tracheal stenosis remains latent; none of the surgeons presented symptoms of the disease, although detection test were never applied to us. Conclusion: In this group of patients, diabetes, systemic arterial hypertension, obesity, blood type "A" and age over 65 years were associated with higher mortality, while no improvement was shown when tracheostomy was performed early, even the first 7 days.

Published in Journal of Surgery (Volume 11, Issue 5)
DOI 10.11648/j.js.20231105.15
Page(s) 113-118
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

COVID-19, Tracheostomy in COVID, Early Tracheostomy, Cases and Controls, Pandemic, COVID Risk

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Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    María Norma Gómez Herrera, Aurora García Gómez, María Enriqueta Baridó Murguía, Jaime Carranza Madrigal, Lizbeth Corzo Aguilar, et al. (2023). Tracheostomy in Critically Ill Patients Due to COVID-19 Before the Vaccine, Cases and Controls . Journal of Surgery, 11(5), 113-118. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.js.20231105.15

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    ACS Style

    María Norma Gómez Herrera; Aurora García Gómez; María Enriqueta Baridó Murguía; Jaime Carranza Madrigal; Lizbeth Corzo Aguilar, et al. Tracheostomy in Critically Ill Patients Due to COVID-19 Before the Vaccine, Cases and Controls . J. Surg. 2023, 11(5), 113-118. doi: 10.11648/j.js.20231105.15

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    AMA Style

    María Norma Gómez Herrera, Aurora García Gómez, María Enriqueta Baridó Murguía, Jaime Carranza Madrigal, Lizbeth Corzo Aguilar, et al. Tracheostomy in Critically Ill Patients Due to COVID-19 Before the Vaccine, Cases and Controls . J Surg. 2023;11(5):113-118. doi: 10.11648/j.js.20231105.15

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  • @article{10.11648/j.js.20231105.15,
      author = {María Norma Gómez Herrera and Aurora García Gómez and María Enriqueta Baridó Murguía and Jaime Carranza Madrigal and Lizbeth Corzo Aguilar and Elena López Gavito},
      title = {Tracheostomy in Critically Ill Patients Due to COVID-19 Before the Vaccine, Cases and Controls
    
    	
    },
      journal = {Journal of Surgery},
      volume = {11},
      number = {5},
      pages = {113-118},
      doi = {10.11648/j.js.20231105.15},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.js.20231105.15},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.js.20231105.15},
      abstract = {Objective: This study aims to identify factors associated with death in seriously ill patients with SARS CoV-2 pneumonia who required a tracheostomy and the time in which the procedure was performed. Patients and methods: The study was observational, analytical, prospective, cross-sectional, and case-control in nature. The decision to perform a tracheostomy was based on the clinical conditions and the approval of the Institutional COVID Committee. To compare means of continuous numerical variables, paired and unpaired Student's t test was used depending on the variables analyzed; to establish correlation between continuous numerical variables, the Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated; to analyze the probability of death with respect to the variables studied, the odds ratio was calculated with a 95% compatibility interval. Results: a total of 47 severely ill patients with COVID-19, who were admitted to the Intensive Care Unit, and required a tracheostomy, 17 women and 30 men, underwent an open tracheostomy. The population was predominantly male, and blood type A+ was more common. Most of them had at least one of the following comorbidities: Diabetes, hypertension, obesity or smoke. Only 10 patients survived until the end of following. All tracheostomies were performed in the first days of the illness, even in the first seven days, except for one patient. All tracheostomies were performed openly, almost all within a conventional operating room and performed by General Surgeons; We have not had any early or late complications, although the risk of tracheal stenosis remains latent; none of the surgeons presented symptoms of the disease, although detection test were never applied to us. Conclusion: In this group of patients, diabetes, systemic arterial hypertension, obesity, blood type "A" and age over 65 years were associated with higher mortality, while no improvement was shown when tracheostomy was performed early, even the first 7 days.
    },
     year = {2023}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Tracheostomy in Critically Ill Patients Due to COVID-19 Before the Vaccine, Cases and Controls
    
    	
    
    AU  - María Norma Gómez Herrera
    AU  - Aurora García Gómez
    AU  - María Enriqueta Baridó Murguía
    AU  - Jaime Carranza Madrigal
    AU  - Lizbeth Corzo Aguilar
    AU  - Elena López Gavito
    Y1  - 2023/10/28
    PY  - 2023
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.js.20231105.15
    DO  - 10.11648/j.js.20231105.15
    T2  - Journal of Surgery
    JF  - Journal of Surgery
    JO  - Journal of Surgery
    SP  - 113
    EP  - 118
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-0930
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.js.20231105.15
    AB  - Objective: This study aims to identify factors associated with death in seriously ill patients with SARS CoV-2 pneumonia who required a tracheostomy and the time in which the procedure was performed. Patients and methods: The study was observational, analytical, prospective, cross-sectional, and case-control in nature. The decision to perform a tracheostomy was based on the clinical conditions and the approval of the Institutional COVID Committee. To compare means of continuous numerical variables, paired and unpaired Student's t test was used depending on the variables analyzed; to establish correlation between continuous numerical variables, the Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated; to analyze the probability of death with respect to the variables studied, the odds ratio was calculated with a 95% compatibility interval. Results: a total of 47 severely ill patients with COVID-19, who were admitted to the Intensive Care Unit, and required a tracheostomy, 17 women and 30 men, underwent an open tracheostomy. The population was predominantly male, and blood type A+ was more common. Most of them had at least one of the following comorbidities: Diabetes, hypertension, obesity or smoke. Only 10 patients survived until the end of following. All tracheostomies were performed in the first days of the illness, even in the first seven days, except for one patient. All tracheostomies were performed openly, almost all within a conventional operating room and performed by General Surgeons; We have not had any early or late complications, although the risk of tracheal stenosis remains latent; none of the surgeons presented symptoms of the disease, although detection test were never applied to us. Conclusion: In this group of patients, diabetes, systemic arterial hypertension, obesity, blood type "A" and age over 65 years were associated with higher mortality, while no improvement was shown when tracheostomy was performed early, even the first 7 days.
    
    VL  - 11
    IS  - 5
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Departamento de Cirugía General, Hospital General “Dr. Miguel Silva”, Morelia Michoacán, México

  • Departamento de Cirugía General, Hospital General “Dr. Miguel Silva”, Morelia Michoacán, México

  • Departamento de Cirugía, Hospital General “Dr. Miguel Silva”, Morelia Michoacán, México

  • Departamento de Cirugía General, Hospital General “Dr. Miguel Silva”, Morelia Michoacán, México

  • Departamento de Cirugía General, Hospital General “Dr. Miguel Silva”, Morelia Michoacán, México

  • Departamento de Cirugía General, Hospital General “Dr. Miguel Silva”, Morelia Michoacán, México

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