Effect of Intra Row Spacing and Nitrogen Fertilizer Levels on Yield of Shallot in Mulo District, Ethiopia

Alemu Hailu; Mosisa Chewaka; Zerihun Jalata

doi:doi:10.11648/j.aff.20241305.15

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Effect of Intra Row Spacing and Nitrogen Fertilizer Levels on Yield of Shallot in Mulo District, Ethiopia

Alemu Hailu^*, Mosisa Chewaka, Zerihun Jalata

Published in Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (Volume 13, Issue 5)

Received: 13 March 2024 Accepted: 13 April 2024 Published: 26 September 2024

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Abstract

The shallot is one of the important alliaceous crops cultivated in many tropical countries. It is an important horticultural crop used to flavor the local stew "wot" and a source of income for farmers in Ethiopia. However, the productivity of shallot is low at study area due to various limiting factors such as low soil fertility, plant population and lack of improved agronomic practices. A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of intra-row spacing and nitrogen fertilizer levels on growth, yield and quality of shallot at Mulo District, Oromia Regional state, Ethiopia during 2021/22 off season. The treatments consisted of four intra-row spacing (5, 10, 15 and 20) cm and four levels of nitrogen fertilizer (0, 50, 100 and 150) kgNha^-1 tested in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Data on shallot yield was collected. The interaction effect of intra-row spacing and nitrogen fertilizer influenced the marketable yield, unmarketable yield, bulb weight, bulb fresh weight, bulb dry weight, dry matter and total yield. As a result, the treatment combination of 150kgha^-1 nitrogen and 15cm intra-row spacing yielded the highest net benefit of shallot (Eth-Birr 1,012,274), followed by the treatment combination of 150kgha^-1 nitrogen and 20 cm intra-row spacing. In conclusion, the above findings indicated that the combined application of 150kgNha^-1with 15 cm spacing can improve shallot growth and productivity in the Mulo district area. However, more research needs to be done in different seasons and locations, taking into account the application rate of nitrogen fertilizer and different intra-row spacing, to generate more reliable information.

Published in	Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (Volume 13, Issue 5)
DOI	10.11648/j.aff.20241305.15
Page(s)	167-174
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Interaction Effect, Marketable Yield, Net Benefit, Nutrient

References

[1]	Arifin, N. S., & Okudo, H. (1996). Geographical distribution of allozyme patterns in shallot (Allium cepa var. ascalonicum Backer) and wakegi onion (A.× wakegi Araki). Euphytica, 91(3), 305-313.
[2]	Askari-Khorasgani et al., 2019 Askari-Khorasgani, O., & Pessarakli, M. (2019). Agricultural management and environmental requirements for production of true shallot seeds–a review.
[3]	Hordofa et al. (2020) Hordofa Temesgen, Woldetsadik Kebede & Mohammed Wassu. (2020). Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer Rates and Intra-row Spacing on Yield and Yield Components of ‘Improved Huruta’Shallot Variety (Allium cepa var. ascalonicum L.) at Haramaya, Eastern Ethiopia. Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology, 8(12), 2541-2549.
[4]	Muhammad Ahmad, Gambo Belay & Ibrahim Nasir. (2011). Response of onion (Allium cepa L.) to irrigation intervals and plant density in Zuru, Northern Guinea Savanna of Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 19(2).
[5]	Getachew et al., 2009 Getachew Temesgen, Eshetu Degefa & Tebikew Demisie. (2009). Guidelines for shallot and garlic production.
[6]	Etana, M. B., Mohammed, A., & Nebiyu, A. (2019). Effects of Different Level of Nitrogen Fertilizer Application on Growth, Yield, Quality and Storage Life of Onion (Allium cepa L.) at Jimma, South Western Ethiopia. Journal of Natural Sciences Research, 9(10)
[7]	Tekle (2015) Tekle Guesh (2015). Growth, yield and quality of onion (Allium cepa L.) as influenced by intra-raw spacing and nitrogen fertilizer levels in central zone of Tigray, Northern Ethiopia (Doctoral dissertation, Haramaya University).
[8]	Tilahun Mandefro, Tena Wondwosen. & Bizuayehu Desta. (2021). Effects of Different Nitrogen and Sulfur Fertilizer Rates on Growth, Yield, Quality and Nutrient Uptake of Onion (Allium cepa L.) at Shewa Robit, North Shewa, Ethiopia. The Open Biotechnology Journal, 15, 59-67.
[9]	Esuyawukal-Moges, K., and Biruk-Masrie, Z. (2019). Growth and Yield Response of Shallot (Allium cepa var. aggregatum L.) Varieties to Intra-Row Spacing in Eastern Amhara, Ethiopia. Current Research in Agricultural Sciences, 6(2), 157-168
[10]	Sikder Mogos, Mondal Fikadu., Mohammed Damana., Alam Mokonen & Amin Mohamed. (2010). Effect of spacing and depth of planting on growth and yield of onion. Journal of Agroforestry Environment, 4(2): 105-108.
[11]	Atalay, Dasash., Melkamu, Alemayehu., & Dessalegn, Ayana. (2022). Effects of Intra-row Spacing and Nitrogen Fertilizer Rates on Growth, and Yield of Onion (Allium cepa L.) Under Irrigation in Mecha District of Amhara, Ethiopia.
[12]	Demisie (2018) Demisie Rahel (2018). Growth and bulb yield of onion (Allium cepa L.) in response to plant density and variety in Jimma, South Western Ethiopia. Advances in Crop Science and Technology, 6(2), 357.
[13]	Nasir and Akkasa (2018) Nasir Semira and Akassa Bikila. (2018). Review on effect of population density and tuber size on yield components and yield of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). African Journal of Plant Science, 12(12), 319-323.

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APA Style

Hailu, A., Chewaka, M., Jalata, Z. (2024). Effect of Intra Row Spacing and Nitrogen Fertilizer Levels on Yield of Shallot in Mulo District, Ethiopia. Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 13(5), 167-174. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20241305.15

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ACS Style

Hailu, A.; Chewaka, M.; Jalata, Z. Effect of Intra Row Spacing and Nitrogen Fertilizer Levels on Yield of Shallot in Mulo District, Ethiopia. Agric. For. Fish. 2024, 13(5), 167-174. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20241305.15

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AMA Style

Hailu A, Chewaka M, Jalata Z. Effect of Intra Row Spacing and Nitrogen Fertilizer Levels on Yield of Shallot in Mulo District, Ethiopia. Agric For Fish. 2024;13(5):167-174. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20241305.15

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@article{10.11648/j.aff.20241305.15,
  author = {Alemu Hailu and Mosisa Chewaka and Zerihun Jalata},
  title = {Effect of Intra Row Spacing and Nitrogen Fertilizer Levels on Yield of Shallot in Mulo District, Ethiopia
},
  journal = {Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries},
  volume = {13},
  number = {5},
  pages = {167-174},
  doi = {10.11648/j.aff.20241305.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20241305.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.aff.20241305.15},
  abstract = {The shallot is one of the important alliaceous crops cultivated in many tropical countries. It is an important horticultural crop used to flavor the local stew "wot" and a source of income for farmers in Ethiopia. However, the productivity of shallot is low at study area due to various limiting factors such as low soil fertility, plant population and lack of improved agronomic practices. A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of intra-row spacing and nitrogen fertilizer levels on growth, yield and quality of shallot at Mulo District, Oromia Regional state, Ethiopia during 2021/22 off season. The treatments consisted of four intra-row spacing (5, 10, 15 and 20) cm and four levels of nitrogen fertilizer (0, 50, 100 and 150) kgNha-1 tested in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Data on shallot yield was collected. The interaction effect of intra-row spacing and nitrogen fertilizer influenced the marketable yield, unmarketable yield, bulb weight, bulb fresh weight, bulb dry weight, dry matter and total yield. As a result, the treatment combination of 150kgha-1 nitrogen and 15cm intra-row spacing yielded the highest net benefit of shallot (Eth-Birr 1,012,274), followed by the treatment combination of 150kgha-1 nitrogen and 20 cm intra-row spacing. In conclusion, the above findings indicated that the combined application of 150kgNha-1 with 15 cm spacing can improve shallot growth and productivity in the Mulo district area. However, more research needs to be done in different seasons and locations, taking into account the application rate of nitrogen fertilizer and different intra-row spacing, to generate more reliable information.
},
 year = {2024}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effect of Intra Row Spacing and Nitrogen Fertilizer Levels on Yield of Shallot in Mulo District, Ethiopia

AU  - Alemu Hailu
AU  - Mosisa Chewaka
AU  - Zerihun Jalata
Y1  - 2024/09/26
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20241305.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.aff.20241305.15
T2  - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
JF  - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
JO  - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
SP  - 167
EP  - 174
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5648
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20241305.15
AB  - The shallot is one of the important alliaceous crops cultivated in many tropical countries. It is an important horticultural crop used to flavor the local stew "wot" and a source of income for farmers in Ethiopia. However, the productivity of shallot is low at study area due to various limiting factors such as low soil fertility, plant population and lack of improved agronomic practices. A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of intra-row spacing and nitrogen fertilizer levels on growth, yield and quality of shallot at Mulo District, Oromia Regional state, Ethiopia during 2021/22 off season. The treatments consisted of four intra-row spacing (5, 10, 15 and 20) cm and four levels of nitrogen fertilizer (0, 50, 100 and 150) kgNha-1 tested in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Data on shallot yield was collected. The interaction effect of intra-row spacing and nitrogen fertilizer influenced the marketable yield, unmarketable yield, bulb weight, bulb fresh weight, bulb dry weight, dry matter and total yield. As a result, the treatment combination of 150kgha-1 nitrogen and 15cm intra-row spacing yielded the highest net benefit of shallot (Eth-Birr 1,012,274), followed by the treatment combination of 150kgha-1 nitrogen and 20 cm intra-row spacing. In conclusion, the above findings indicated that the combined application of 150kgNha-1 with 15 cm spacing can improve shallot growth and productivity in the Mulo district area. However, more research needs to be done in different seasons and locations, taking into account the application rate of nitrogen fertilizer and different intra-row spacing, to generate more reliable information.

VL  - 13
IS  - 5
ER  -

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Author Information

Alemu Hailu

Department of Horticulture, Wallaga University, Shambu, Ethiopia

Contact Email
Mosisa Chewaka

Department of Horticulture, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia
Zerihun Jalata

Department of Plant Science, Wallaga University, Shambu, Ethiopia

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APA Style

Hailu, A., Chewaka, M., Jalata, Z. (2024). Effect of Intra Row Spacing and Nitrogen Fertilizer Levels on Yield of Shallot in Mulo District, Ethiopia. Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 13(5), 167-174. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20241305.15

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ACS Style

Hailu, A.; Chewaka, M.; Jalata, Z. Effect of Intra Row Spacing and Nitrogen Fertilizer Levels on Yield of Shallot in Mulo District, Ethiopia. Agric. For. Fish. 2024, 13(5), 167-174. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20241305.15

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AMA Style

Hailu A, Chewaka M, Jalata Z. Effect of Intra Row Spacing and Nitrogen Fertilizer Levels on Yield of Shallot in Mulo District, Ethiopia. Agric For Fish. 2024;13(5):167-174. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20241305.15

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@article{10.11648/j.aff.20241305.15,
  author = {Alemu Hailu and Mosisa Chewaka and Zerihun Jalata},
  title = {Effect of Intra Row Spacing and Nitrogen Fertilizer Levels on Yield of Shallot in Mulo District, Ethiopia
},
  journal = {Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries},
  volume = {13},
  number = {5},
  pages = {167-174},
  doi = {10.11648/j.aff.20241305.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20241305.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.aff.20241305.15},
  abstract = {The shallot is one of the important alliaceous crops cultivated in many tropical countries. It is an important horticultural crop used to flavor the local stew "wot" and a source of income for farmers in Ethiopia. However, the productivity of shallot is low at study area due to various limiting factors such as low soil fertility, plant population and lack of improved agronomic practices. A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of intra-row spacing and nitrogen fertilizer levels on growth, yield and quality of shallot at Mulo District, Oromia Regional state, Ethiopia during 2021/22 off season. The treatments consisted of four intra-row spacing (5, 10, 15 and 20) cm and four levels of nitrogen fertilizer (0, 50, 100 and 150) kgNha-1 tested in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Data on shallot yield was collected. The interaction effect of intra-row spacing and nitrogen fertilizer influenced the marketable yield, unmarketable yield, bulb weight, bulb fresh weight, bulb dry weight, dry matter and total yield. As a result, the treatment combination of 150kgha-1 nitrogen and 15cm intra-row spacing yielded the highest net benefit of shallot (Eth-Birr 1,012,274), followed by the treatment combination of 150kgha-1 nitrogen and 20 cm intra-row spacing. In conclusion, the above findings indicated that the combined application of 150kgNha-1 with 15 cm spacing can improve shallot growth and productivity in the Mulo district area. However, more research needs to be done in different seasons and locations, taking into account the application rate of nitrogen fertilizer and different intra-row spacing, to generate more reliable information.
},
 year = {2024}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effect of Intra Row Spacing and Nitrogen Fertilizer Levels on Yield of Shallot in Mulo District, Ethiopia

AU  - Alemu Hailu
AU  - Mosisa Chewaka
AU  - Zerihun Jalata
Y1  - 2024/09/26
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20241305.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.aff.20241305.15
T2  - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
JF  - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
JO  - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
SP  - 167
EP  - 174
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5648
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20241305.15
AB  - The shallot is one of the important alliaceous crops cultivated in many tropical countries. It is an important horticultural crop used to flavor the local stew "wot" and a source of income for farmers in Ethiopia. However, the productivity of shallot is low at study area due to various limiting factors such as low soil fertility, plant population and lack of improved agronomic practices. A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of intra-row spacing and nitrogen fertilizer levels on growth, yield and quality of shallot at Mulo District, Oromia Regional state, Ethiopia during 2021/22 off season. The treatments consisted of four intra-row spacing (5, 10, 15 and 20) cm and four levels of nitrogen fertilizer (0, 50, 100 and 150) kgNha-1 tested in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Data on shallot yield was collected. The interaction effect of intra-row spacing and nitrogen fertilizer influenced the marketable yield, unmarketable yield, bulb weight, bulb fresh weight, bulb dry weight, dry matter and total yield. As a result, the treatment combination of 150kgha-1 nitrogen and 15cm intra-row spacing yielded the highest net benefit of shallot (Eth-Birr 1,012,274), followed by the treatment combination of 150kgha-1 nitrogen and 20 cm intra-row spacing. In conclusion, the above findings indicated that the combined application of 150kgNha-1 with 15 cm spacing can improve shallot growth and productivity in the Mulo district area. However, more research needs to be done in different seasons and locations, taking into account the application rate of nitrogen fertilizer and different intra-row spacing, to generate more reliable information.

VL  - 13
IS  - 5
ER  -

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